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Selling Multiple Guns from an Estate? Know the ATF Rules

Updated: Nov 8

When an estate includes more than just a few guns, the stakes go up fast.


Whether you’re an executor liquidating the collection, a family member trying to stay compliant, or a fiduciary responsible for doing things by the book, you need to understand what federal law says about selling multiple firearms, especially through the lens of the ATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives).


Let’s break it down.

Rack of Shotguns
Guns on a Table

You Probably Don’t Need an FFL, But You Could Be Mistaken for One

If you’re not “engaged in the business” of selling guns, you likely don’t need a Federal Firearms License (FFL). The ATF defines "engaged in the business" as someone regularly buying and selling firearms for the purpose of livelihood or profit.


"Read more about this in our post on whether you need a license as an executor or liquidator."


That said, even if you’re only liquidating estate assets, selling several guns, especially if done publicly or repeatedly, might look like business activity to the ATF or others watching.


Best practice: Work with a licensed FFL to handle all transfers. It protects you and prevents misunderstandings.


The Executor Exception

The ATF recognizes that estate executors, personal representatives, or trustees selling firearms from a decedent’s collection are not typically "in the business." You don’t need a license just for selling estate property.


But here's the catch:

  • You’re still legally responsible for who you sell to

  • You’re still bound by federal transfer laws, especially across state lines

  • You still face felony level consequences if you transfer to a prohibited person


"For more about Missouri and federal law, visit our FAQ for unlicensed individuals."


What If You're Selling 5, 10, or 20+ Guns?

Even if you’re acting as an executor, the volume can raise eyebrows. The more guns you sell, the more essential it becomes to:

  • Use an FFL to run background checks

  • Keep documentation for each transfer

  • Avoid private sales unless you’ve done serious due diligence (which is risky)


If you sell multiple handguns to one buyer through an FFL, the dealer is required to file an ATF Multiple Sales Report (Form 3310.4). That doesn’t affect you directly, but it shows that the ATF tracks volume and patterns.


Why It’s Safer to Work with an FFL

At MDRF Enterprises, we routinely help with large estate collections. Here’s what you gain:

  • Protection from transferring to prohibited persons

  • Compliance with federal laws (especially for out of state or NFA regulated items)

  • Clear documentation of sale and value

  • Discreet, on-site pickup and free fair market appraisals

  • Consignment options if you want to maximize value over time


"Want to understand what FMV really means? Read What’s My Gun Really Worth?"


You’re not in the gun business, but the ATF may still expect you to act like a professional. That’s where we come in.

FFL Paperwork
FFL Paperwork

Final Thought

Selling one or two guns from an estate is simple. Selling 10 or more? That’s a legal gray area best handled by professionals. If you're not sure whether you're crossing a line, you probably are.


"Our checklist can help you start the process safely."


Let a licensed dealer do it right, and keep your name out of the fine print.


"Visit our Estate Firearms Guide for tools, legal resources, and downloadable handouts designed for professionals."


By:


Drew




Gun Buyer | St. Louis, MO | MDRF Enterprises




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